“LASIK” is the abbreviation of the phrase: Laser Assisted in-situ keratomileusis (laser corneal abrasion). Say na, a LASIK treatment with laser refractive disabled. Laser used to treat disability as refractive Excimer Laser, wavelength 193nm, generated by the activated gas mixture Argon Floride, no heat.

There are many types of laser used for many different purposes such as Argon, Krypton, …

Laser used to treat disability as refractive Excimer Laser, wavelength 193nm, generated by the activated gas mixture Argon Floride, no heat. There are many machines are manufactured from many different vendors such as VISX, Summit, LaserSight, Technolas, Meditec, NIDEK, Allergretto, …

Surgical methods:

The doctor uses instruments automatically flip on the surface of the cornea as a flap, then make thin laser projector parenchyma below to form a lens, depending on the degree of refraction. Laser is emitted in the form of pulses, each pulse will average out about 0:25 microns. Because the laser energy to create more energy to keep the cornea associated molecules will be broken links and vaporize into the air, the cornea during the remaining normal. Then corneal flap will be back as the original.

Administered:
All patients were refracted disabilities meet the following requirements:
1.Tu 18 and older.
2.Khong with corneal disease.
Refraction 3.Do little change or stability.
The cases are pregnant, are using cardiovascular drugs, some patients suffering from body, the doctor will need to carefully consider when to delay the operation.

Advantages of LASIK methods:
- For accurate results.
- The security is very high when done on a modern laser.
- Time of surgery is about 50-10 minutes shorter.
- No pain, just under anesthesia, no stage, no bleeding.
- Rapid vision recovery, visible after a few hours and can return to work the next day.

Examination before surgery:

All patients were tested before surgery eye care including refraction, eye measurement parameters such as pupil size, pre-wave analysis, map of the cornea, corneal curvature, Afternoon corneal thickness, intraocular pressure measurement, ultrasound eye, the entire eye examination.

The surgical steps:

Safety Check: Test on a piece of Plastic Laser Screening test accuracy.
Surgery:
Small anesthesia.
Set coronary mi.
Create a corneal flap.
Laser projection.
Rinse under flap.
Cover corneal flap back.
Skip coronary mi.
Small Rooms: Antibiotics and artificial tears.

Monitoring after surgery:

Check again after 30 minutes of surgery and patients can leave the hospital.
Small Flumetholon from Day 2 after surgery, in 10 days.
Small Oflovid continue, in 10 days.
Continue 0.1 or less Sanlein types of artificial tears at least 3 months.

Re-examination after surgery:
Day -1.
-1 Week.
-1 Month.
-3 Months.
-6 Months.

Surgical process:

- After less anesthetic, doctors will put rims on each eye to keep the eyes always open. You are always awake and comfortable throughout the operation.
- Place the smoke in their eyes, you will feel mild tension in the immediate eye, you feel momentarily dimmed.
- Use a knife to automatically create a thin corneal flap.
- Screening of the laser, you will hear ‘cup cup’ when parenchyma layer was evaporated.
- The object is to corneal back together.
- You will continue under medication and wear protective eyewear. after 3 hours and you will see clearly enough to work right the next morning.

Custom LASIK

LASIK Custom LASIK is refractive disability adjusted and adjusted both higher-order aberrations of the eye through collaboration with advanced systems song.May beam of light emitted form the “wave of money” going into the eye and will change “distorted”, depending on the difference of light rays passing through the environment in the eye.
Transaction wave sensors include hundreds of the whole eye lens, measure the deformation of this wave of money compared with the initial wave of money before your eyes and describe with a map, for we know exact structure of the entire eye sight.
No two hands are still the same, too, no two eyes are exactly alike. Two people were sighted -3 Diop along with glass-clear view of three Diop, but they have released other details as well as “hands still,” waves of money and technical help and we get that special adjustment unique to each individual. -3 Myopia and eye di-facing, if we adjusted rimmed glasses, contact lens or LASIK surgery using the classic method shall be adjusted from -3 Diop patients. But actually, we will have the eyes of myopia -3 Diop, Diop points myopia -2.98, and -3.2 points can reach such Diop.
Pre-wave technique will help us measure every detail of her treatment from the handicapped and refraction for each detail.
With conventional LASIK, we just adjusting the aberration level 2 – the disabled refraction. Now thanks to the technical pre-wave, the higher-order aberrations detected and adjustments and help minimize discomfort as the blinding …, improve the visual quality several times.
There are many different wave systems money, LASIK center in Saigon, we use the VISX Wavescan system-most popular in America. According to VISX, the “fingerprint” of the eye will be measured and data transfer via VISX Star S4 Active Trak Eye Laser (LASIK machine) to process can make 25 times more accurate than the measured results old method.

1 / LASIK surgery is safe?
LASIK is a laser surgery method of external impact eye, so very few complications compared with other methods. LASIK is conducted under strict inspection, laser beams are controlled by the computer system, under the implementation of specialized LASIK surgeons. LASIK has been approved by the FDA (United States) about the safety and effectiveness of treatment. You need discussion comments Doctor to learn more about the risks and advantages of the surgery.

2 / LASIK is not painful?
LASER itself does not cause pain. The eyes are small anesthetic before surgery. Most of LASIK patients said they were surprised because the surgery less painful as they thought.

Two eye surgery should 3/Co same time?
Yes. Normally our eyes surgery patients at the same time.

4 / The high refractive surgery is not stable?
After healing is complete refraction will always stable. That is one advantage that LASIK became very popular method and is very popular today. But our eyes can change over time, due to the environment, due to work, may have other diseases which refraction occurs again.

5/Toi can not be re-sighted?
Surgery will be stable forever.
However, some cases were sighted again by the new generation, often in severe myopia or myopia at age are still growing. These cases can be treated supplement.

6 / There sure not result in vision?
In any medical procedure can not always guarantee a certain outcome for patients. In fact, LASIK eye extremely safe and precise, laser blindness does not cause complications. But there are also some changes in the healing and other factors that can change the results slightly.

7 / LASIK can cause the eyes not to hurt?
Laser Surgery for action under the corneal flap should be less likely to cause corneal opacity as the old method Laser (PRK). It also demonstrated laser do not cause damage to components inside the eye.

8/Co difference between LASIK and other refractive surgical methods different?
LASIK is a laser beam used to reproduce the shape of the cornea. Previous method with laser surgery (PRK) but caused corneal epithelial damage and pain to so many complications. LASIK is a more progressive approach, just inside the parenchyma impact and still retain normal corneal surface. Besides, other methods of adjustment to disability but often refractive surgery on the internal branding, quite heavy and prone to cause complications so often choose LASIK as inappropriate method.

9/Toi need to prepare for the examination and LASIK surgery?
LASIK can help you see clearly do not need to rely on glasses or contact lens again. You have 18 years of age, healthy, you can visit his eye for LASIK can adjust well? If you are wearing contact lens should be stopped at least 1 week. It takes nearly three hours in the hospital for the entire measurement and eye examinations. If nothing abnormal, you will automatically select the appropriate date of operation from 2 am to 7 am weekly.

Light source for the Blind Pairing corneal tissue transplant surgery is done soon and also the results of surgery is most successful in these types of tissue transplants. After surgery a few experiments, in 1824 the first Reisinger perform this surgery on rabbits and opening for the development of corneal transplants.
Simanopxky in 1893 was the first to suggest the use of eye corpse as a source of abundant reserves could provide the ingredients together whenever needed. 20th century can be regarded as the period is the first step length and success in corneal transplant surgery with the input value of the house known as vision Philatop (Russia), Castroviejo, Franceschetti, Paufique … (France), Barraquer (Spain) … Besides the means of ever-improving tools and sophisticated, the understanding of disease and the invention of medicines contribute to corneal transplant surgery is complete and the highest rate of success in these types of transplants institutions.

In Vietnam, corneal transplants are performed from the 1950s with the first publication of Nguyen Dinh Cat, Nguyen Ngoc Kinh, Nguyen Duy Hoa. Then the war situation there are many difficulties as well as media sources for corneal transplant surgery that was conducted only sporadic numbers with not many reports of Professor Nguyen Trong Nhan and colleagues.

Twenty years ago, along with the development of Science and Technology in the world revolution and the establishment of eye banks, corneal transplants are also new developments in both quantity and quality. Every year in the U.S. has over 40,000 corneal transplants are carried out to bring the light of at least 50% of them. But in our country due to corneal power has been quite rare (about 150 cases per year from various sources mostly from foreign aid), while the number of patients required corneal transplantation is estimated over 300,000 people and annual re-people who have added new. The reason of this situation is the lack of constitutional law in an organ transplant tissue for a long time and people’s understanding on this issue is rather limited.

Events constitutional law Congress passed, transplant organ tissues March 11/2006 is a new step for the industry in general and organ tissue transplants corneal transplants in particular. We have legal basis to form the cornea banks, striving to reserve enough materials for the transplant patients may not blinded by corneal disease and developed extensive surgery is growing across the country to many patients escape blindness. To do this requires the participation of everyone in society and that people want to know what may be most needed for cornea transplants and eye bank activity. So what is corneal transplants, people how to do it, come from the cornea and took like? Who can donate corneas after death and whether the cornea is taken intact to face the deceased, the funeral etc. …

Cornea transplant (GGM) What?
Cornea is a transparent thin film shielded 1 / 5 before the eye (equivalent to the blackness of the eyes). Because it allows transparent light images pass through the eye to focus on the bottom and then begin to image the brain can help people recognize objects and the world around them. A number of diseases or injuries of the eye leading to corneal opacity, making light can not penetrate (like blurred glass window) and then the patients were blinded by retinal diseases. The replacement of the opaque cornea with a healthy cornea, during the donor’s death is called corneal transplant.

Corneal transplant is indicated when patients with corneal opacity but good eye function (ie, patients can still recognize the light) and the results of the operation depends on many factors including medical conditions management of eye surgery, and techniques of physician care after surgery.

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This is a surgical method using micro-surgical blades creates a thin corneal flap thickness ranges from 130 to 180 microns. After these items are turned over to the cornea, the laser effects in need of corneal tissue to treat refractive disabled access, or vision disturbances marketing. Corneal flap was eventually pushed back and finish the surgery. So, to get a perfect result for LASIK than qualifications and skill of the surgeon also must have two elements:

1. Microtomy knife to create the corneal flap well.
2. Laser beam quality, high precision.

Corneal flap
Good corneal flap when the flap is cut close, the regular, flat sections are not wavy. There are two types: blades Manual and automatic knives. Blades moving with steady rate, exactly how much the quality of corneal flap much as possible. Automatic knife making LASIK becomes simpler and safer, not only helps create a corneal flap better but also reduce the risk of complications during and after surgery over.
Corneal flap may be released in the nose or above depending on the type of knife. According to the experience of the surgeon, the corneal flap has many advantages above. First of all it fits the blink of an eye movement from top to bottom under normal physiology of the eye to minimize the risk of deviation ties. Small size of which can still ensure the safety not distorted flap after surgery when the patient blinked. In addition, patients also feel less rice than smarting after surgery. Next, because the diameter flap corneal large (for example, when a knife Hansatome, B & L), the diameter of the effects of laser may be more suitable for surgery telecommunications market or the eye myopia diameter copper E major. In addition, the cultivation of corneal blood vessels in part by the edges, cut a large flap near the edge of the wound will heal faster.
Laser
Excimer is a contraction of the word from the excited dimer. Excimer laser wavelength changed from 150 to 300 nm, also called ultraviolet radiation. Through research, it was noticed by Argon Fluorine excimer laser (ARF) is 193nm wavelength characteristics suitable for refractive surgery as:
- 6.42eVolts high energy photons.
- The ability to penetrate the surrounding tissue is low.
- Hurt by mild heat.
- Not cause gene mutations.
- Strong ability to absorb water.

Technically laser, with three generations:
1. Broadbeam: beam size to change the depth of corneal cell membranes differ in various positions. Through the experience of the authors, the frequency and the island was the center of the cornea when using this technique is higher, while this ratio when using other techniques is very rare.
2. Scanning slit: screen going through laser forming a slot in the process of turning to surgery to avoid overheating due to corneal laser projector continuously. Longer surgical time, but complications corneal blindness and lower center island.
3. Flying spot: the most advanced techniques, using a small laser beam, changing the position effects on the parenchyma of cornea to create the desired deep tissue, no heating of corneal surface, corneal parenchyma after shooting laser very well. Therefore, corneal complications such as blindness, center island hardly see.
Also a good laser will need to have good structure to ensure uniformity, the laser energy; light positioning, goals are patient comfort during the surgery, the space between the microscope , the seat for easy operation doctors in surgery.
Customized ablation (Guided wavefront ablation, ZYOPTIX)
Customized ablation – Laser individual adaptation according to a new technique allows the surgeon to adjust the natural variety of hidden aberrations in each individual to achieve high vision. This is a technical LASIK higher level was applied in the country, with this technique, patients have a high degree of aberration, the risk of affecting the quality of vision will be treated to reduce the principal This factor, increased quality of vision, in addition to using this method will save the corneal tissue so as to facilitate patient access to high level or thin corneas.
We apply eye hospital laser surgery appropriate for patients who have high level access or thin corneas in order to maximize treatment capabilities.

Today, people no longer use the canal corneal shape spokes anymore because it causes many complications such as astigmatism, infection, or surgery have not met again since. Treatment of myopia is popular laser surgery (LASIK), the advantage is not pain, it heals. However, it only applies to patients over 23 years of age. At this age, level access has been stable so rarely have a second surgery.

At her age, because LASIK surgery has not been able to wear contact lenses for good. However, this glass is quite expensive, should be removed every night wash and soak in a special medicine (also expensive). Moreover, the glass or on the cornea and cause corneal abrasions, leading to ulcers. If you notice blurred vision and headaches, please temporarily remove contact lenses, spectacles and then use a doctor immediately.

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§ When can study, read and work computer back after surgery?
Eye can work again after 1 to 3 days, but only modestly, if the eyes have to work too much will cause excessive regulation convulsive regulatory approach can cause false.

§ Need care regime and especially for keeping the eye after surgery?
First week after surgery, not for the wonderful eyes, glasses protected even at bedtime, do not rub eyes, closed strong, strong target. No eye makeup in a month.

§ There should abstain or use anything special foods after surgery?
Diet completely normal

§ When will I be able to play sports again?
The subject gently as jogging, gymnastics and aesthetics can set back in a week. Box, martial arts, karate, taekondo should pause after surgery a month, swimming, bathing stopped three months to ensure the safety of the incision.

§ When can makeup be?
Let the next one month, in special cases consult your doctor.

§ After surgery may be close again?
Results after eye surgery is stable forever, however in the first 3 months depending on the healing scar of each patient’s body is about 5 -10% of patients may reach slightly, if full thickness corneal doctors can add reference laser. Eye Laser projector you can add or not doctors will tell you after the examination. HCM City Eye Hospital patients are not currently subject to additional costs at two laser projectors, but must be self-protecting drugs and glasses after surgery.

§ Laser surgery is dangerous?
Lasik eye surgery one of the safest, but also as any other surgical complications can be even very low, less than 1%

§ Should choose where to have surgery after heart surgery with laser-sighted?
Establishments should choose large, prestigious, fully equipped for medical examination and diagnostic factors pathological potential of your eyes, to offer a selection of appropriate treatment. In addition, these establishments should be able to treat other diseases were detected during examination before surgery for you.

§ Laser machines should be selected when there are many machines on the market?
Should choose the biggest machine, has a long and prestigious names in the ophthalmic devices market in the world. Also you can visit the FDA (the Food and Drug Administration USA) for a list of the laser was approved by the agency. Two Excimer Laser machine Technolas Ladarvision 4000 217Z and the hospital’s eyes are FDA certified.

This is a surgical method using micro-surgical knife to create a thin corneal flap thickness ranges from 130 to 180 microns. The corneal flap is then turned up the laser effect in the parenchyma of cornea to treat refractive disabled access, telecommunication or astigmatism. Corneal flap was eventually pushed back and finish the surgery. So, to get a perfect result for LASIK than qualifications and skill of the surgeon also must have two elements:

1. Microtomy knife to create the corneal flap well.
2. Laser beam quality, high precision.
Corneal flap
Good corneal flap when the flap is cut close, the regular, flat sections are not wavy. There are two types: blades Manual and automatic knives. Blades moving with steady rate, exactly how much the quality of corneal flap much as possible. Automatic knife making LASIK becomes simpler and safer, not only helps create a corneal flap better but also reduce the risk of complications during and after surgery over.
Corneal flap may be released in the nose or above depending on the type of knife. According to the experience of the surgeon, the corneal flap has many advantages above. First of all it fits the blink of an eye movement from top to bottom under normal physiology of the eye to minimize the risk of deviation ties. The small size which can still ensure the safety not distorted flap after surgery when the patient blinked. In addition, patients also feel less rice than smarting after surgery. Next, because the diameter flap corneal large (for example, when a knife Hansatome, B & L), the diameter of the effects of laser may be more suitable for surgery telecommunications market or the eye myopia diameter copper E major. In addition, the cultivation of corneal blood vessels in part by the edges, cut a large flap near the edge of the wound will heal faster.

Laser
Excimer is a contraction of the word from the excited dimer. Excimer laser wavelength changed from 150 to 300 nm, also called ultraviolet radiation. Through their research, they found that excimer laser made by Argon Fluorine (ARF) 193nm wavelength has the characteristics suitable for refractive surgery such as:
- 6.42eVolts high energy photons.
- The ability to penetrate the surrounding tissue is low.
- Hurt by mild heat.
- Oe2 side effects regularly.
- Not cause gene mutations.
- Strong ability to absorb water.
Technically laser, with three generations:
1. Broadbeam: beam size to change the depth of corneal cell membranes differ in various positions. Through the experience of the authors, the frequency and the island was the center of the cornea when using this technique is higher, while this ratio when using other techniques is very rare.
2. Scanning slit: screen going through laser forming a slot in the process of turning to surgery to avoid overheating due to corneal laser projector continuously. Longer surgical time, but complications corneal blindness and lower center island.
3. Flying spot: the most advanced techniques, using a small laser beam, changing the position effects on the parenchyma of cornea to create the desired deep tissue, no heating of corneal surface, corneal parenchyma after shooting laser very well. Therefore, corneal complications such as blindness, center island hardly see.
Also a good laser will need to have good structure to ensure uniformity, the laser energy; light positioning, goals are patient comfort during the surgery, the space between the microscope , the seat for easy operation doctors in surgery.

Customized ablation (Guided wavefront ablation, ZYOPTIX)
Customized ablation – Laser individual adaptation according to a new technique allows the surgeon to adjust the natural variety of hidden aberrations in each individual to achieve high vision. This is a technical LASIK higher level was applied in the country, with this technique, patients have a high degree of aberration, the risk of affecting the quality of vision will be treated to reduce the principal This factor, increased quality of vision, in addition to using this method will save the corneal tissue so as to facilitate patient access to high level or thin corneas.
We apply eye hospital laser surgery appropriate for patients who have high level access or thin corneas in order to maximize treatment capabilities.

By February 2001, Excimer Laser Centre (Central Eye Institute) had surgery for treating myopia 712 people. Method This surgery is relatively safe, causing few major complications, no cases of infection or any inflammatory reaction after surgery.

It is a review of Doctor Nguyen Xuan Hiep, Deputy Head of Trachoma – the cornea, the one who was directly involved in Excimer laser surgery method.

Initial Results

Summary 501 surgical cases in the center (as of May 10 / 2000) shows, reducing efficiency and increasing myopia vision, achieve results very positive:

- In all cases, lower level access than 2 / 3 compared with requirements.

- In light reach 85-90% of patients, vision returned to normal.

The advantage of this method is very high precision, all calculations of the surgery, the laser beam to shoot, to cut corneal thickness, area of laser impact are … computer programming and implementation . Moreover, the patient does not feel pain during and after surgery. Symptoms of rice, often dazzling … all in about 1-2 days after surgery.

However, the results of surgery depend on the response of each patient, for example, the ability to immediately incision, drug responses, the working environment of the patients after surgery …

After surgery, approximately 90% of cases result in such calculations. In the remaining 10%, reduced access of less than expected (not needed, but vision returned to normal). As such, patients need glasses for close shot of laser light or added when the incision is completely stable. A doctor is not difficult to anticipate the shifts like this.

The price remains high

Doctors Association, said Excimer laser machine is imported, the cost of maintenance and the accompanying materials are very expensive, so the relatively high cost per surgery. However, the surgery proceeds sufficient to pay only the minimum cost, not calculated to profit. The purpose of the Institute is widely used treatments for advanced community. In the future, if conditions permit, will reduce the cost of hospital operations.

The doctors say not everyone is disabled refraction (Access, presbyopia, astigmatism) should go by means of lasik surgery. But many are still awaiting registration even though the two eye surgery cost is 14 million, and there have been several cases of complications after surgery.

Where is east

The morning of 9-11, we went to the hospital (hospital) Saigon Eyes (Le Thi Rieng Street, District 1, HCM City) please lasik surgery. Excimer laser (LASIK) is a new method now used widely to treat disabled refraction.

At the fourth floor, there were 30 patients waiting in the examination and preparation for re-examination after surgery or surgery. Most of them are patients with medical insurance (HI) is BV, Nguyen Trai Street, Thanh Binh Medical Center, District 3, District 1 … referred to.

After waiting a long time, I also met and heard the doctor explains, “lasik surgery cost 14 million (two eyes) better than $ 11 million operation, the patient no glare, halos when looking at night light. Because health insurance, select this price difference you pay only 3 million. I agree and was moved to second base in the August Revolution, District 10 to be examined in combination with a surgical treatment of myopia and aging both towns.

Here, I notice my eyes after surgery could not bring 10/10 vision, but also 1-2 degrees. On this basis, many patients with HI was Gia Dinh Hospital, City Health Department Electricity … referred to.

10-11 morning, we went to Cho Ray Hospital. After three days of surgery for free publication (the rest) for patients switching health insurance card, there is also a large number of patients. A doctor at the hospital here for surgery also sighted about $ 11 million, reach $ 12 million associated disorders (two eyes).

“Back to life” old

Before the market open lasik surgery, physician partners have the same purchase, a capital in the name of the company at the hospital to put food into 3 / 7. Lasik system with more modern software is about $ 700,000, but where the ad is “the latest in a million” … Old was “retouch” but also called “modern”, is input to the computer where the first generation in America about 50,000 – but $ 70,000 list price to calculate it for the shareholders to $ 300,000.

And yet, companies continue to sell on the effect of LASIK surgery by phone periodically to hospital or to copy data from computer hard drives of the respective reports of cases, payment for their new password new and must enter on the day of the new machine to continue operation. Another type is controlled by card: Card to buy new machines loaded very active, with 1,000 company promotion first, then want to keep buying top-up operation continued.